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	<title>Comments on: Can&#8217;t Get Dino Species Right? What Else Is Wrong?</title>
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		<title>By: norman-uk</title>
		<link>http://www.cryptomundo.com/cryptozoo-news/third-dino/comment-page-1/#comment-60011</link>
		<dc:creator>norman-uk</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 15 Oct 2009 22:13:01 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description>If there is an expectation that nearly all fossils are going to be of adults, then this is what will be found, leading to errors as has been suggested. On the face of it, seemingly the fossils of more adults will be found because of  more and tougher bone to fossilise. But the younger an animal, is the more there are and the more casualities there are, the numbers falling off with age. This might well compensate for larger, tougher bones and this will vary with species and the environments in which they lived and died. Of course smaller is harder to find and smaller is harder to classify too!

  It seems the time has come for some sort of review of the situation, with an open mind, as it seems possible there is a tendency for the default position to be, &#039;&#039;another species&#039;&#039; with the kudos that brings. 

  The nice thing about finding young and old, male and female of a species, is how this gives a hugh new dimension to what is known of that species ! Equivalent to colour TV instead of black and white and 3D instead of 2D! Much greater potential for interest and knowlege.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>If there is an expectation that nearly all fossils are going to be of adults, then this is what will be found, leading to errors as has been suggested. On the face of it, seemingly the fossils of more adults will be found because of  more and tougher bone to fossilise. But the younger an animal, is the more there are and the more casualities there are, the numbers falling off with age. This might well compensate for larger, tougher bones and this will vary with species and the environments in which they lived and died. Of course smaller is harder to find and smaller is harder to classify too!</p>
<p>  It seems the time has come for some sort of review of the situation, with an open mind, as it seems possible there is a tendency for the default position to be, &#8221;another species&#8221; with the kudos that brings. </p>
<p>  The nice thing about finding young and old, male and female of a species, is how this gives a hugh new dimension to what is known of that species ! Equivalent to colour TV instead of black and white and 3D instead of 2D! Much greater potential for interest and knowlege.</p>
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		<title>By: drtachyon</title>
		<link>http://www.cryptomundo.com/cryptozoo-news/third-dino/comment-page-1/#comment-60009</link>
		<dc:creator>drtachyon</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 15 Oct 2009 20:08:30 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description>Kronprinz_adam, 
Perhaps I wasn&#039;t being clear...I was being a smart-ass pointing out that archaeologists don&#039;t study Komodo dragons, sorry about that.  As a paleontologist, I hear this confusion quite a lot and didn&#039;t mean any offense.  Your clarified point is well taken.  Ontogeny of any species, living or fossils, can only really be understood by having examples of the animals at different life stages, something rarely seen in the fossils record.  While I&#039;m not a vertebrate specialist, I think there are ways to tell juvenile specimens from adults, looking at things like calcification of long bones and digits, position of teeth in the jaw, and comparison with similar living organisms. Paleontological material is often very fragmented and it can be difficult to identify which taxa a specimen belongs to, let alone it&#039;s maturity.  This obviously requires the skills of an expert in modern animal groups, which most paleontologist who specialize in a particular group of organisms becomes.    Given the necessary degree of expertise in modern critters most paleo-folks need and the suite of characteristic juvenile features shared by many vertebrates, I would be surprised if more than a small fraction of juvenile fossil forms have been mischaracterized as new species.  In addition, the bias against immature vertebrates being fossilized to begin with is very high, given that they were, on the whole,  bite-sized and had poorly calcified skeletons.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Kronprinz_adam,<br />
Perhaps I wasn&#8217;t being clear&#8230;I was being a smart-ass pointing out that archaeologists don&#8217;t study Komodo dragons, sorry about that.  As a paleontologist, I hear this confusion quite a lot and didn&#8217;t mean any offense.  Your clarified point is well taken.  Ontogeny of any species, living or fossils, can only really be understood by having examples of the animals at different life stages, something rarely seen in the fossils record.  While I&#8217;m not a vertebrate specialist, I think there are ways to tell juvenile specimens from adults, looking at things like calcification of long bones and digits, position of teeth in the jaw, and comparison with similar living organisms. Paleontological material is often very fragmented and it can be difficult to identify which taxa a specimen belongs to, let alone it&#8217;s maturity.  This obviously requires the skills of an expert in modern animal groups, which most paleontologist who specialize in a particular group of organisms becomes.    Given the necessary degree of expertise in modern critters most paleo-folks need and the suite of characteristic juvenile features shared by many vertebrates, I would be surprised if more than a small fraction of juvenile fossil forms have been mischaracterized as new species.  In addition, the bias against immature vertebrates being fossilized to begin with is very high, given that they were, on the whole,  bite-sized and had poorly calcified skeletons.</p>
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		<title>By: Kronprinz_adam</title>
		<link>http://www.cryptomundo.com/cryptozoo-news/third-dino/comment-page-1/#comment-60006</link>
		<dc:creator>Kronprinz_adam</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 15 Oct 2009 18:39:35 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.cryptomundo.com/?p=23047#comment-60006</guid>
		<description>&quot;Well, they would be some really weird archeologists for one thing, they don’t typically classify reptiles :). I don’t really understand the hype around this&quot;

Dear Drtachyion.
I think I didn&#039;t explained my example in detail. Let us assume that a meteor comes right now, the actual animals go extinct and some different species evolve afer that (just like at the end of the Cretaceous). From these one species, one becomes intellignt after many millions of years and develops a civilization. They produce their own archeologists, who do digging in Komodo Island, find the rests of a baby Komodo dragon and an adult. Will they classify them as different species, or they will be able to reconstruct the growing process of Komodus varanensis?
Greetings. 
</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;Well, they would be some really weird archeologists for one thing, they don’t typically classify reptiles <img src='http://www.cryptomundo.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_smile.gif' alt=':)' class='wp-smiley' /> . I don’t really understand the hype around this&#8221;</p>
<p>Dear Drtachyion.<br />
I think I didn&#8217;t explained my example in detail. Let us assume that a meteor comes right now, the actual animals go extinct and some different species evolve afer that (just like at the end of the Cretaceous). From these one species, one becomes intellignt after many millions of years and develops a civilization. They produce their own archeologists, who do digging in Komodo Island, find the rests of a baby Komodo dragon and an adult. Will they classify them as different species, or they will be able to reconstruct the growing process of Komodus varanensis?<br />
Greetings.</p>
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		<title>By: korollocke</title>
		<link>http://www.cryptomundo.com/cryptozoo-news/third-dino/comment-page-1/#comment-60001</link>
		<dc:creator>korollocke</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 15 Oct 2009 04:15:58 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.cryptomundo.com/?p=23047#comment-60001</guid>
		<description>What do you mean, &quot;not set in stone&quot;? 

That&#039;s where most fossils are found, &lt;em&gt;set in stone&lt;/em&gt;; they are &lt;em&gt;stone&lt;/em&gt;, for Pete&#039;s sake! Had to get that out of my system. 

In all seriousness, we never really will completely understand dinosaurs, how can we?  They died out (well most of them) millions of years ago.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>What do you mean, &#8220;not set in stone&#8221;? </p>
<p>That&#8217;s where most fossils are found, <em>set in stone</em>; they are <em>stone</em>, for Pete&#8217;s sake! Had to get that out of my system. </p>
<p>In all seriousness, we never really will completely understand dinosaurs, how can we?  They died out (well most of them) millions of years ago.</p>
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		<title>By: cryptidsrus</title>
		<link>http://www.cryptomundo.com/cryptozoo-news/third-dino/comment-page-1/#comment-59999</link>
		<dc:creator>cryptidsrus</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 15 Oct 2009 00:08:31 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.cryptomundo.com/?p=23047#comment-59999</guid>
		<description>Loren:
I had read about this somewhere else on the Internet and was wondering when you were going to bring it up. Thanks for doing so!!!

Big surprise...Dinosaur Science is NOT set in stone!!! Not Black and White!!! 
In the words of John Henson of the late, great, still missed show &quot;Talk Soup&quot;---
&quot;WOW!!!&quot; (Sarcasm added). :)

Seriously, though---
I actually happen to agree with Drtachyon:
&quot;The important thing to remember is that science is a self-correcting, human endevor that attempts to explain our world, there is no final word on virtually any subject.&quot;

Amen to that. 
I also agree in some things with Both Dwa AND Norman-Uk. 
I just wish scientists would not be so quick to declare certain things as being &quot;definitive&quot; when there ARE &quot;no final word on any subject.&quot;
Some may disagree and say that scientists are NOT definitive about anything. I would disagree with that. But that&#039;s me. 

Karl Popper (no &quot;mean&quot; philosopher of science, wouldn&#039;t you say?) said it best: &quot;All knowledge is tentative.&quot; :)</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Loren:<br />
I had read about this somewhere else on the Internet and was wondering when you were going to bring it up. Thanks for doing so!!!</p>
<p>Big surprise&#8230;Dinosaur Science is NOT set in stone!!! Not Black and White!!!<br />
In the words of John Henson of the late, great, still missed show &#8220;Talk Soup&#8221;&#8212;<br />
&#8220;WOW!!!&#8221; (Sarcasm added). <img src='http://www.cryptomundo.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_smile.gif' alt=':)' class='wp-smiley' /> </p>
<p>Seriously, though&#8212;<br />
I actually happen to agree with Drtachyon:<br />
&#8220;The important thing to remember is that science is a self-correcting, human endevor that attempts to explain our world, there is no final word on virtually any subject.&#8221;</p>
<p>Amen to that.<br />
I also agree in some things with Both Dwa AND Norman-Uk.<br />
I just wish scientists would not be so quick to declare certain things as being &#8220;definitive&#8221; when there ARE &#8220;no final word on any subject.&#8221;<br />
Some may disagree and say that scientists are NOT definitive about anything. I would disagree with that. But that&#8217;s me. </p>
<p>Karl Popper (no &#8220;mean&#8221; philosopher of science, wouldn&#8217;t you say?) said it best: &#8220;All knowledge is tentative.&#8221; <img src='http://www.cryptomundo.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_smile.gif' alt=':)' class='wp-smiley' /> </p>
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		<title>By: drtachyon</title>
		<link>http://www.cryptomundo.com/cryptozoo-news/third-dino/comment-page-1/#comment-59998</link>
		<dc:creator>drtachyon</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 14 Oct 2009 22:18:05 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.cryptomundo.com/?p=23047#comment-59998</guid>
		<description>&quot;what if archeologists in the future classify baby Komodo dragons (arboreal lizads) and adult Komodo (4-legged Godzillas) as different species?&quot;

Well, they would be some really weird archeologists for one thing, they don&#039;t typically classify reptiles :).  I don&#039;t really understand the hype around this.  Concerns about picking fossil adults from fossil juveniles has been with us for a long time, Nanotyrannus was a controversial species to begin with for this very reason.  One problem is that there are literally about 20 definitions for what a species constitutes depending on what field of study you are engaged in.  The traditional definition that jumps to mind is that a species is a group of organisms that can produce fertile offspring, given favorable circumstances.  There is nothing wrong with this per se, but it does become very complicated when working with fossil specimens. 

Loren, your title&#039;s caveat of &quot;What else is wrong?&quot; seems a little over the top.  There is still very much we don&#039;t or can&#039;t know.  The important thing to remember is that science is a self-correcting, human endevor that attempts to explain our world, there is no final word on virtually any subject.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;what if archeologists in the future classify baby Komodo dragons (arboreal lizads) and adult Komodo (4-legged Godzillas) as different species?&#8221;</p>
<p>Well, they would be some really weird archeologists for one thing, they don&#8217;t typically classify reptiles <img src='http://www.cryptomundo.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_smile.gif' alt=':)' class='wp-smiley' /> .  I don&#8217;t really understand the hype around this.  Concerns about picking fossil adults from fossil juveniles has been with us for a long time, Nanotyrannus was a controversial species to begin with for this very reason.  One problem is that there are literally about 20 definitions for what a species constitutes depending on what field of study you are engaged in.  The traditional definition that jumps to mind is that a species is a group of organisms that can produce fertile offspring, given favorable circumstances.  There is nothing wrong with this per se, but it does become very complicated when working with fossil specimens. </p>
<p>Loren, your title&#8217;s caveat of &#8220;What else is wrong?&#8221; seems a little over the top.  There is still very much we don&#8217;t or can&#8217;t know.  The important thing to remember is that science is a self-correcting, human endevor that attempts to explain our world, there is no final word on virtually any subject.</p>
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		<title>By: norman-uk</title>
		<link>http://www.cryptomundo.com/cryptozoo-news/third-dino/comment-page-1/#comment-59997</link>
		<dc:creator>norman-uk</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 14 Oct 2009 21:52:06 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.cryptomundo.com/?p=23047#comment-59997</guid>
		<description>Seems very interesting and there are bound to be some new matches. Might show new light on rearing of young etc etc. Including if a second look showed the young were unlikely to be able to feed themselves. May be suggesting parental care or if there was some indication the young fed on some part of the parents body or on regurgetated food. Even something analagous to &#039;pigeons milk&#039;

 There could of course be ramifications for cryptozoology giving more interest in the possibilty of same, instead of different species.

 DWA
 I quote you
 &#039;&#039;But once again, all we have is speculation. It makes sense to revise speculation based on further evidence; but it remains speculation, as we’ll never see one alive. Almost nothing we “know” about dinosaurs is really knowledge. Intelligent reasoning, based on considerable evidence, but you can touch a coelacanth. (If you catch one.)&#039;&#039;

  Are you not being rather absolutist about proof? With dinosaurs its not all speculation and if not the speculation can be limited. For example an adult tyrannosaurus was large, is this not proven. It is not absolutely known if it was a scavenger or a hunter and here we have speculation, not the guesswork interpretation but the theorising interpretation within limits

 Now off to make some more of the usual daily arbitrary decisions about this and that.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Seems very interesting and there are bound to be some new matches. Might show new light on rearing of young etc etc. Including if a second look showed the young were unlikely to be able to feed themselves. May be suggesting parental care or if there was some indication the young fed on some part of the parents body or on regurgetated food. Even something analagous to &#8216;pigeons milk&#8217;</p>
<p> There could of course be ramifications for cryptozoology giving more interest in the possibilty of same, instead of different species.</p>
<p> DWA<br />
 I quote you<br />
 &#8221;But once again, all we have is speculation. It makes sense to revise speculation based on further evidence; but it remains speculation, as we’ll never see one alive. Almost nothing we “know” about dinosaurs is really knowledge. Intelligent reasoning, based on considerable evidence, but you can touch a coelacanth. (If you catch one.)&#8221;</p>
<p>  Are you not being rather absolutist about proof? With dinosaurs its not all speculation and if not the speculation can be limited. For example an adult tyrannosaurus was large, is this not proven. It is not absolutely known if it was a scavenger or a hunter and here we have speculation, not the guesswork interpretation but the theorising interpretation within limits</p>
<p> Now off to make some more of the usual daily arbitrary decisions about this and that.</p>
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		<title>By: DWA</title>
		<link>http://www.cryptomundo.com/cryptozoo-news/third-dino/comment-page-1/#comment-59996</link>
		<dc:creator>DWA</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 14 Oct 2009 19:09:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.cryptomundo.com/?p=23047#comment-59996</guid>
		<description>I want the t-shirt.  (I&#039;d be running for sure.)

I was also surprised to see a way teeny Nanotyrannus.

But once again, all we have is speculation.  It makes sense to revise speculation based on further evidence; but it remains speculation, as we&#039;ll never see one alive.  Almost nothing we &quot;know&quot; about dinosaurs is really knowledge.  Intelligent reasoning, based on considerable evidence, but you can touch a coelacanth.  (If you catch one.)</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I want the t-shirt.  (I&#8217;d be running for sure.)</p>
<p>I was also surprised to see a way teeny Nanotyrannus.</p>
<p>But once again, all we have is speculation.  It makes sense to revise speculation based on further evidence; but it remains speculation, as we&#8217;ll never see one alive.  Almost nothing we &#8220;know&#8221; about dinosaurs is really knowledge.  Intelligent reasoning, based on considerable evidence, but you can touch a coelacanth.  (If you catch one.)</p>
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		<title>By: Fhqwhgads</title>
		<link>http://www.cryptomundo.com/cryptozoo-news/third-dino/comment-page-1/#comment-59994</link>
		<dc:creator>Fhqwhgads</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 14 Oct 2009 12:08:17 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.cryptomundo.com/?p=23047#comment-59994</guid>
		<description>Considerations of sexual dimorphism has also rendered many species names obsolete.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Considerations of sexual dimorphism has also rendered many species names obsolete.</p>
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		<title>By: Loren Coleman</title>
		<link>http://www.cryptomundo.com/cryptozoo-news/third-dino/comment-page-1/#comment-59993</link>
		<dc:creator>Loren Coleman</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 14 Oct 2009 11:48:58 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.cryptomundo.com/?p=23047#comment-59993</guid>
		<description>Yes.  &quot;The original &lt;em&gt;Nanotyrannus&lt;/em&gt; specimen is estimated to have been around 17 feet (5.2 meters) long when it died,&quot; according to Wikipedia.

Maybe this is a newborn, and not a larger, grown specimen?  Most living things begin very much smaller than when they die, correct?

Or perhaps this is a drawing of &lt;em&gt;Nanotyrannus&lt;/em&gt; in comparison to a True Giant?  

:-)</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Yes.  &#8220;The original <em>Nanotyrannus</em> specimen is estimated to have been around 17 feet (5.2 meters) long when it died,&#8221; according to Wikipedia.</p>
<p>Maybe this is a newborn, and not a larger, grown specimen?  Most living things begin very much smaller than when they die, correct?</p>
<p>Or perhaps this is a drawing of <em>Nanotyrannus</em> in comparison to a True Giant?  </p>
<p> <img src='http://www.cryptomundo.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_smile.gif' alt=':-)' class='wp-smiley' /> </p>
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